Wednesday, July 3, 2019

The Trinitarian Vision



In the beginning is the relationship, and reality is relational all the way through and all the way down.  It’s all about relationship.  This is an existential truth, deeply rooted in our experience.  That is what the Christian symbol of God as Trinity tries to convey.  

Unfortunately, the traditional language of Father, Son, and Holy Spirit, and the idea of these being three “persons,” tends toward a kind of tri-theism.  This language is, of course, rooted in the biblical texts, but there it is invoked in a narrative context in which the meaning of the terms is clearly derived from the character of God’s relationship with the world.  In literature, individuals are not presented in the abstract and then proceed to have relationships.  Rather, it is through engaging in relationships that the character of a person is revealed.[1]  Experience gives rise to the symbol, and what is being expressed in the symbol of God as Trinity is an experience of relationship.  

As this narrative language was taken up into philosophical speculation, the symbols, Father, Son, and Holy Spirit, were easily misunderstood as three substantial beings who have a relationship with each other.  But that is not what the early theologians of the church were trying to convey.  Following the biblical tradition, they experienced God’s power in relationship to the Source of the created world, to Jesus as the incarnation of that Source, and to the Spirit of love pervading the relationship that is invisible but still concretely present.

This experience of relationship is so powerful that they imagined God as relationship without remainder; not as three persons who have relationships, but rather three subsistent relations distinct but constitutive of one divine reality.  God simply is the relations that God has.[2]  The substantive nouns drawn from biblical narrative used to describe these subsistent relations obscures their dynamic and interdependent character.   What the Symbol of the Trinity expresses is the character of reality as emergent (deriving from a Source rather than self-generating), as evolving (the becoming of all that is), and as internally related (revealing an implicate order in its dynamism). 

Raimon Panikkar argues that the Christian doctrine of the Trinity is a homeomorphic equivalent to the nondual advaita tradition in India:  emphasizing the constitutive relational nature of reality that cannot be characterized as either unity or duality.  This is difficult to grasp, because we have internalized so deeply the ideology of liberal individualism.  We really do think we are absolutely independent, self-constituted monads bumping against each other like so many billiard balls; merely externally related, if at all. 

But that is not the case.  It is my relationship to you that makes you, “you,” and me, “me.”  We are internally related to each other and co-constitutive of our identities.  I am “me” in relationship to “you,” and you are “you” in relationship to “me.”  This explains why the death of a loved one is so wrenching; or a divorce, or even a child growing up and going off to college.  Notice, too, that this means that I am “me” only in so far as I am for “you;” and you are “you” only in so far as you are for “me;” we are the energy of love that unites us.  In this way, we participate in the very life of God, the subsistent relations within the Godhead that constitute the generative, self-giving, dynamic of love. 

We are constituted by, and constitutive of, a universe that is an irreversible, emergent process.  The universe is an evolving constellation of relationships moving toward greater complexity and consciousness, marked by centricity or self-organization at every level from the physical to the biological to reflexive-consciousness.    Each self-organizing part is constitutive of a larger whole, from the atom to the molecule to the cell to the organism to the ecosystem to the planet to the cosmos.   Each is related to all.

There is a convergence underway in the new sciences of quantum physics, systems biology, and ecology moving us away from the modern age’s mechanistic view of nature to a renewed holism that
has reversed the relationship between the parts and the whole.  The properties of the parts are not intrinsic properties but can be understood only within the context of the larger whole.  What we call a part is merely a pattern in an inseparable web of relationships.  Therefore, the shift from parts to the whole can be seen as a shift from objects to relationships.  A system is an integrated whole whose essential properties arise from the relationships among its parts.  Nature is an interlocking network of systems . . . Nature is more flow than fixed.[3] 

In the beginning is the relationship, and reality is relational all the way through and all the way down.  It’s all about relationship.  It isn’t that you and I form relationships.  It is that relationships form us.  And God is the relation of all relations, the depth dimension of reality uniting humanity and the cosmos in an emergent, evolving, dynamic system of systems ordered and energized by love.

Ilia Delio writes that
Evolution unveils a depth of integrated wholeness that is open to more unity, centricity, and consciousness.  Love is not sheer emotion or simply a dopaminergic surge in the limbic system; it is much more deeply embedded in the fabric of the universe.  Love is the integrated energy field, the center of all centers, the whole of every whole, that makes each whole desire more wholeness.  While love-energy may not explicitly show itself on the level of the pre-living and non-reflective, it is present inchoately as the unifying principle of wholeness as entities evolve toward greater complexity.  “But even among the molecules,” Teilhard [de Chardin] wrote, “Love was the building power that worked against entropy and under its attraction the elements groped their way towards union.”  Love-energy marks the history of the universe.[4]

The new science is aligning with a new religious consciousness in the reimaging of the primordial and perennial trinitarian tradition of reality as Spirit-Matter-Consciousness.  In this vision,
“Everything that exists, any real being, presents this triune constitution expressed in three dimensions . . . The cosmotheandric intuition is not a tripartite division among beings, but an insight into the threefold core of all that is insofar as it is.”[5]

The Christian symbol of the Trinity is a particular expression of the universal experience of reality as trinitarian, expressed differently in the symbols of other cultures.   It is a vision of reality whose source, end, and energy is love.  It is a vision we desperately need to reclaim. 

As that part of the universe which has become self-conscious, we humans have become responsible for a “cultural selection” that operates in addition to natural selection to decisively affect the evolution of love on earth.  We can choose to align ourselves with the truth of the Trinitarian vision through the cultivation of Christ-consciousness in ourselves: the realization of our deep interconnection with, and responsibility for, life in the cosmos.

Constance Fitzgerald argues that
Our ability to embody our communion with every human person on the earth and our unassailable connectedness with everything living is limited because . . . we continue to privilege our personal autonomy and are unable to make the transition from radical individualism to a genuine synergistic community even though we know intellectually we are inseparably and physically connected to every living being in the universe.  Yet the future of the entire earth community is riding on whether we can find a way beyond the limits of our present evolutionary trajectory.[6]

What is required is a deep surrender of the ego in trust that God’s power, the power of love, is working through us.  We are invited to participate in the next great evolutionary leap, at the spirit level, the level of consciousness, in which we grow into the fullness of Christ.  Fitzgerald goes on to say that
The evolution of spirit or consciousness . . . happens not just or mainly through physical propagation but through a spiritual one in which people “bear fruit by virtue of the atmosphere which radiates from them on their environment and . . . also by means of the works which they produce in common and through which they propagate their spirit.  This idea of spiritual generativity may sound far-fetched or ungrounded, until we consider what scientists are discovering and speculating about the true nature of our world.  For example, as long ago as 1982 it was reported that “under certain circumstances sub-atomic particles such as electrons are able to instantaneously communicate with each other regardless of the distance separating them, whether an inch, 100 feet, or 10 billion miles apart.”  Scientist David Bohm’s explanation:  there is a deeper and more complex level of reality than we experience, an “implicate order or unbroken wholeness” from which all our perceived reality derives.  If such a fabric of interconnectedness exists in nature, it is no stretch of the imagination to apply it to consciousness.  Genuine contemplatives have testified to this long before scientists.[7]

We can experience this deeper and more complex level of reality, “because God’s love has been poured into our hearts through the Holy Spirit that has been given to us.”[8]  It is our hope and our responsibility.  May the Spirit of truth that Jesus promised lead us into all truth and to the fullness of the Trinitarian vision.[9]



[1] David S. Cunningham, These Three Are One: The Practice of Trinitarian Theology (Oxford: Blackwell Publishers, 1998), p. 62.
[2] Ibid, pp. 59-65.
[3] Ilia Delio, The Unbearable Wholeness of Being (Maryknoll, NY: Orbis Books, 2018), p. 32.
[4] Ibid, p. 44.
[5] Raimon Panikkar, Christophany: The Fullness of Man (Maryknoll, NY: Orbis Books, 2004), p. xii.
[6] Fitzgerald, “From Impasse to Prophetic Hope: Crisis of Memory,” CTSA PROCEEDINGS 64 (2009), p. 38.
[7] Ibid, p. 41.
[8] Romans 5:5
[9] John 16:13.

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